Cannabis Industry: Home

cannabis, (genus Cannabis), genus of medicinal, recreational, and fibre plants belonging to the family Cannabaceae. By some classifications, the genus Cannabis comprises a single species, hemp (Cannabis sativa), a stout, aromatic, erect annual herb that originated in Central Asia and is now cultivated worldwide. A tall canelike variety is raised for the production of hemp fibre, while the female plants of a short branchier variety are prized as the more abundant source of the psychoactive substance tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the active ingredient of marijuana. See also medical cannabis.

In the Nov. 3 general election, voters in five states approved ballot initiatives legalizing marijuana use. And some state legislatures passed legalization laws this year. But other legalization efforts stalled when legislatures cut sessions short because of the coronavirus pandemic. A legalization effort also stalled in Congress, when some Democratic representatives balked at taking up a pro-drug bill before a second pandemic-relief measure could be passed. But after the November election, the House passed legislation to remove marijuana from the federal schedule of controlled substances. The pandemic also derailed some ballot initiatives after organizers decided it was too risky to seek signatures on petitions. The pandemic-caused recession led some state officials to propose legalization and taxation as a way to replenish depleted government treasuries. Already-booming marijuana sales soared after the pandemic struck as Americans used the drug to treat anxiety.

Americans overwhelmingly approve of medical marijuana, and 29 states and the District of Columbia have legalized it, allowing doctors to recommend marijuana products to registered patients. Research shows some forms of marijuana, including a synthetic drug, help treat a few conditions, including chronic pain and chemotherapy-induced nausea. But solid research is limited for other forms, such as smoked or vaped marijuana, and for conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder, for which states have approved marijuana use. Nevertheless, medical marijuana advocates want all states to legalize it, while opponents say only the Food and Drug Administration should approve drugs for medical use. Yet, federal rules make the studies the FDA relies on difficult to undertake. Complicating the situation are Trump administration efforts to end Obama-era policies curtailing prosecution of medical marijuana in states where it is allowed. Caught in the middle are doctors, who worry they can land in legal trouble if they discuss marijuana with patients, and patients, who must rely on advice from cannabis dispensaries.

In common usage, marijuana refers to the dried flowers of the cannabis plant. These flowers are typically smoked to produce a psychoactive high. In addition, the flowers and other parts of the plant can be processed into hashish, oils, extracts, and other refined products that can be smoked, eaten, and vaporized. The effects of the high can be subjective and often vary depending on whether the user consumed a Cannabis sativa strain, a Cannabis indica strain, or a hybrid strain.

This is the botanical name for the hemp plant that originated in Asia. It is the basis of the hemp industry as well as the source of the widely used intoxicant tetrahydrocan-nabinol (THC), the active agent in marijuana, hashish, ganja, and bhang.

Marijuana is the most common name used in the United States for the Cannabis sativa plant, which is one variety of the cannabis or hemp plant family. Cannabis is the more appropriate scientific term and the more common term used throughout the world to refer to the various psychoactive products derived from the Cannabis sativa plant that are used by humans to alter their state of mind. Slang terms for marijuana and other psychoactive products derived from Cannabis sativa change over time but some stable and more current terms include: weed, pot, herb, grass, reefer, Mary Jane, dagga, bhang, Aunt Mary, skunk, boom, gangster, kif, ganja, hashish, and hash oil. Cannabis remains in the early twenty-first century the most widely used illicit substance in the United States and in most other developed countries that regulate marijuana. Between the late 1960s and 2008, marijuana use has generated continued controversy regarding its addictive potential, health consequences, potential for medical use, and legal status.

The marijuana plant Cannabis sativa contains a bewildering array of organic chemicals, with representatives of almost all chemical classes present, including mono- and sesquiterpenes, carbohydrates, aromatics, and a variety of nitrogenous compounds. Interest in the study of this plant has largely focused on the resinous matter, as it is this material that is invested with the pharmacological activity peculiar to the plant. This resin is secreted by the female plant as a protective agent during seed ripening, although it can be found as a microscopic exudates through the aerial portions of plants of either sex. The pure resin, hashish or charas, is the most potent part of the plant and has served as the source material for most chemical studies. The family of chemicals isolated from this source has been referred to as the cannabinoid group.

Cannabis, more commonly called marijuana, refers to the several varieties of Cannabis sativa, or Indian hemp plant, that contains the psychoactive drug delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Canna-bis-related disorders refer to problems associated with the use of substances derived from this plant.