Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association by
The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Seventh Edition is the official source for APA Style. With millions of copies sold worldwide in multiple languages, it is the style manual of choice for writers, researchers, editors, students, and educators in the social and behavioral sciences, natural sciences, nursing, communications, education, business, engineering, and other fields. Known for its authoritative, easy-to-use reference and citation system, the Publication Manual also offers guidance on choosing the headings, tables, figures, language, and tone that will result in powerful, concise, and elegant scholarly communication. It guides users through the scholarly writing process--from the ethics of authorship to reporting research through publication. The seventh edition is an indispensable resource for students and professionals to achieve excellence in writing and make an impact with their work. The seventh edition has been thoroughly revised and updated to reflect best practices in scholarly writing and publishing. All formats are in full color, with a new tabbed spiral version Improved ease of navigation, with many additional numbered sections to help users quickly locate answers to their questions Resources for students on writing and formatting annotated bibliographies, response papers, and other paper types as well as guidelines on citing course materials Dedicated chapter for new users of APA Style covering paper elements and format, including sample papers for both professional authors and student writers New chapter on journal article reporting standards that includes updates to reporting standards for quantitative research and the first-ever qualitative and mixed methods reporting standards in APA Style New chapter on bias-free language guidelines for writing about people with respect and inclusivity in areas including age, disability, gender, participation in research, race and ethnicity, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, and intersectionality More than 100 new reference examples covering periodicals, books, audiovisual media, social media, webpages and websites, and legal resources More than 40 new sample tables and figures Expanded guidance on ethical writing and publishing practices, including how to ensure the appropriate level of citation, avoid plagiarism and self-plagiarism, and navigate the publication process Guidelines that support accessibility for all users, including simplified reference, in-text citation, and heading formats as well as additional font options
The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Asociation is the offical guide of APA citation formatting. You can find the manual at the reference desk and in the reference section of the library's collection.
PowerPoint Presentations on different aspects of APA style.
Click the image for an informative example of a research paper with explanations of APA formatting:
The Purdue OWL APA Formattting and Style Guide is another helpful resource for APA citation. In text citions (giving credit for any quotes, facts, paraphrases, or summaries in your paper) and creating a list of references.
The Harvard Guide to Using Sources provides excellent advice on the mechanics of citations. Great visual examples on citing various sources in MLA, APA, and Chicago.
The APA Style Blog is a great resource for those hard to answer questions, like when do you use a DOI, how to cite a YouTube comment, and more.
Easybib: enter information about your book, article, or website and Easybib will create a citation. Use code CanadaCo116 to create an account.
Need more help? This excellent video series by the Memorial University Libraries explains how to cite using APA in a step-by-step process.
When you use outside sources, you will need to create a References page that tells your reader all the information they need to find the source themselves if they want to.
See the examples below of commonly used resources.
For more information about creating a Reference list, see Purdue OWL's APA Formatting guides. There you will find examples of how to cite many different types of sources.
Format:
Last Name, First initial. (Year). Title. City and the state Published: Publisher.
Example:
Highmore, B. (2001). Everyday life and cultural theory. New York, NY: Routledge.
Pictorial Example
Format:
Author Last Name, Initials. (year). Article title. Journal title, volume(issue), page range. DOI
Example:
Jones-Smith, J. C., Dieckmann, M. G., Gottlieb, L., Chow, J., & Fernald, L. H. (2014). Socioeconomic status and trajectory of overweight from birth to mid-childhood: The early childhood longitudinal study-birth cohort. Plos ONE, 9(6), 1-10. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0100181
Pictorial Example
Format for citing an entire website:
Title of Website. (Year, Month website page was published). Title of Website Article. Retrieved from http://websitepage.org
Format for citing a page from a website:
Authors Last Name, First initial. (Year, Month website page was published). Title of Website Article. Title of Website Page. Retrieved from http://www.websitepage.org
Example:
Cain, A., & Burris, M. (1999, April). Investigation of the use of mobile phones while driving. Retrieved January 15, 2000,
from http://www.cutr.eng.usf.edu/its/mobile_phone_text.htm
Pictorial Example
Image from Artstor
Format:
Artist/Owner/Creator. (Date of Production or n.d.) Title of Work/Image Name. [Format]. Retrieved from URL
Example:
Monet, C. (1877). La gare, Saint Lazare, Paris. [Oil on canvas]. Retrieved from http://library.artstor.org
Pictorial Example 
Basic Format for a Short Quote
Introduce the quotation with a signal phrase that includes the author’s last name followed by the year of publication in parentheses. Put the page number (preceded by “p.”) in parentheses after the quotation.
| Critser (2003) noted that despite growing numbers of overweight Americans, many health care providers still “remain either in ignorance or outright denial about the health danger to the poor and the young” (p. 5). |
Basic Format for a Longer Quote
Longer quotes are indented to set them off.
|
A Report by the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation (2004) outlined trends that may have contributed to the |
| According to Carmona (2004), the cost of treating obesity is exceeded only by the cost of treating illnesses from tobacco use. |
To create a hanging indent in a Microsoft Word document, go to Paragraph -> Indents and Spacing -> Indentation -> Special -> Hanging. See the illustration below.
